Pai Gow

Four tiles are split into two pairs and both are set against the banker's: you have to win both.

Pai Gow is built so that half a win is impossible. A player splits four tiles into two hands, and both must outrank the corresponding hands of the . Win one and lose the other and the stake comes back: nothing has happened.

Because of that a strong tile settles nothing on its own. Building one very large hand is easy, but the other will then be empty, and the result is a push.

A ranking that cannot be worked out

The tiles here are ranked not by pip total but by tradition: the four-four outranks the three-one, which outranks the five-five. There is no logic to the order; it is learnt by heart.

Stranger still is the : the pair of the two lowest tiles in the set outranks every other pair, while those same tiles alone beat almost nothing.

Players2–8
CategoriesTile games
ObjectiveArrange four tiles so that both hands outrank both of the banker's.

The rules of Pai Gow

The set

Thirty-two tiles: every pairing from one-one to six-six, with eleven of them — six-six, six-five, six-four, six-one, five-five, five-one, four-four, three-three, three-one, two-two and one-one — present twice.

The deal

The tiles are stacked face down. Dice decide who receives the first hand, counted round from the banker.

Each player receives four tiles. So does the banker.

The bank starts with the house and may then pass to players in turn.

Two hands

A player splits their four tiles into two pairs. One becomes the , the other the low.

Each is compared with the banker's corresponding pair.

The outcome

Both of a player's hands higher and they win the stake. Both lower and they lose it. One higher and one not, and it is a push: the stake comes back.

The ranking of pairs

Highest of all is the Gee Joon — the four-two together with the two-one.

Below it come pairs of tiles equal in value, in a fixed order: six-six twice, then one-one, four-four, three-one, five-five, three-three, two-two, six-five, six-four, six-one, five-one, and then the mixed pairs of nines, eights, sevens and fives.

Below the pairs come the six-six or one-one combined with a nine, then with an eight.

Failing all of that, the pips on both tiles are added and the last digit of the total is taken.

Ties

On equal values the ranking of the individual tiles decides: six-six, one-one, four-four, three-one, five-five, three-three, two-two, six-five, six-four, six-one, five-one and onwards.

The four-two and the two-one rank below every single tile, though together they form the highest pair.

Worth knowing

The order of dealing and the way the stacks are cut differ from house to house; some twenty traditional cuts are counted, and their names are local. How the banker is obliged to set their own tiles is likewise laid down by the house rather than by the game.

Glossary of terms
Banker
The player everyone else plays against. Their hands are compared with each player's separately.
Gee Joon
The pair of the four-two and the two-one. The highest pair in the game, though the tiles themselves rank lowest of all.
High hand
Whichever of a player's two pairs ranks higher. It is set against the banker's high hand.